Q: Statements: Some bags are pockets. No pocket is a pouch. Conclusions: I. No bag is a pouch. II. Some bags are not pouches. III. Some pockets are bags. IV. No pocket is a bag,
Solution: Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, II follows. III is the converse of the first premise and thus it also holds.
Q: Statements: Some clothes are marbles. Some marbles are bags. Conclusions: I. No cloth is a bag. II. All marbles are bags. III. Some bags are clothes. IV. No marble is a cloth.
Solution: Since both the premises are particular, no definite conclusion follows. However, I and III involve only the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. Thus, either I or III follows.
Q: Statements: Some tables are TVs. Some TVs are radios. Conclusions: I. Some tables are radios. II. Some radios are tables. III. All radios are TVs. IV. All TVs are tables.
Solution: Since both the premises are particular, no definite conclusion follows.
Q: Statements: Some books are pens. No pen is pencil. Conclusions: I. Some pens are books. II. Some pencils are books. III. Some books are not pencils. IV. All pencils are books.
Solution: Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. Thus, III follows. I is the converse of the first premise and so it also holds.
Q: Statements: Some houses are offices. Some offices are schools. Conclusions: I. Some schools are houses. II. Some offices are houses. III. No house is school. IV. Some schools are offices.
Solution: Since both the premises are particular, no definite conclusion follows. However, I and III involve only the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. So, either I or III follows. II is the converse of the first premise while IV is the converse of the second premise. Thus, both of them hold.
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